数 学 U 《積 分》 No.2 区分求積法
右のような曲線に囲まれた面積を求める方法として、よく用いられたのが区分求積法でした。図のように、いくつもの長方形に分け、ひとつひとつの面積を計算し、最後にそれらを合計するという点でこれはまさに積分(細かく分けて、かけて、たす)です。
【1】右の面積を区分求積法で求めよう。
長方形の面積= (たて) × (よこ)
S1 = (0.1)2 × (0.1) = 0.001
S2 = (0.2)2 × (0.1) = 0.004
S3 = (0.3)2 × (0.1) = 0.009
S4 = (0.4)2 × (0.1) = 0.016
S5 = (0.5)2 × (0.1) = 0.025
S6 = (0.6)2 × (0.1) = 0.036
S7 = (0.7)2 × (0.1) = 0.049
S8 = (0.8)2 × (0.1) = 0.064
S9 = (0.9)2 × (0.1) = 0.081
+)S10 = (1)2 × (0.1) = 0.1
【2】誤差をもっとなくすには、どうしたらよいか?
もっと細かく分ければよい!
【3】[資料2]から最終的にこの面積はいくつになるか?
0.333・・・=1/3
[資料1]区分求積法の理論
[資料2]パソコンによる計算値
10 | == | 0.385000 | 41 | == | 0.345628 | 80 | == | 0.339609 | 290 | == | 0.335059 | 930 | == | 0.333871 | ||||
11 | == | 0.380165 | 42 | == | 0.345333 | 81 | == | 0.339532 | 300 | == | 0.335002 | 940 | == | 0.333865 | ||||
12 | == | 0.376157 | 43 | == | 0.345051 | 82 | == | 0.339456 | 310 | == | 0.334948 | 950 | == | 0.333860 | ||||
13 | == | 0.372781 | 44 | == | 0.344783 | 83 | == | 0.339382 | 320 | == | 0.334897 | 960 | == | 0.333854 | ||||
14 | == | 0.369898 | 45 | == | 0.344527 | 84 | == | 0.339309 | 330 | == | 0.334850 | 970 | == | 0.333849 | ||||
15 | == | 0.367407 | 46 | == | 0.344282 | 85 | == | 0.339239 | 340 | == | 0.334805 | 980 | == | 0.333844 | ||||
16 | == | 0.365234 | 47 | == | 0.344047 | 86 | == | 0.339170 | 350 | == | 0.334763 | 990 | == | 0.333839 | ||||
17 | == | 0.363322 | 48 | == | 0.343822 | 87 | == | 0.339102 | 360 | == | 0.334724 | 1000 | == | 0.333834 | ||||
18 | == | 0.361626 | 49 | == | 0.343607 | 88 | == | 0.339037 | 370 | == | 0.334686 | 1100 | == | 0.333788 | ||||
19 | == | 0.360111 | 50 | == | 0.343400 | 89 | == | 0.338972 | 380 | == | 0.334650 | 1200 | == | 0.333750 | ||||
20 | == | 0.358750 | 51 | == | 0.343201 | 90 | == | 0.338909 | 390 | == | 0.334616 | 1300 | == | 0.333718 | ||||
21 | == | 0.357521 | 52 | == | 0.343010 | 91 | == | 0.338848 | 400 | == | 0.334584 | 1400 | == | 0.333691 | ||||
22 | == | 0.356405 | 53 | == | 0.342827 | 92 | == | 0.338788 | 410 | == | 0.334554 | 1500 | == | 0.333667 | ||||
23 | == | 0.355388 | 54 | == | 0.342650 | 93 | == | 0.338729 | 420 | == | 0.334525 | ・・・ | ||||||
24 | == | 0.354456 | 55 | == | 0.342479 | 94 | == | 0.338671 | 430 | == | 0.334497 | |||||||
25 | == | 0.353600 | 56 | == | 0.342315 | 95 | == | 0.338615 | 440 | == | 0.334471 | |||||||
26 | == | 0.352811 | 57 | == | 0.342157 | 96 | == | 0.338560 | 450 | == | 0.334445 | |||||||
27 | == | 0.352080 | 58 | == | 0.342004 | 97 | == | 0.338506 | 460 | == | 0.334421 | |||||||
28 | == | 0.351403 | 59 | == | 0.341856 | 98 | == | 0.338453 | 470 | == | 0.334398 | 8600 | == | 0.333391 | ||||
29 | == | 0.350773 | 60 | == | 0.341713 | 99 | == | 0.338401 | 480 | == | 0.334376 | 8700 | == | 0.333391 | ||||
30 | == | 0.350185 | 61 | == | 0.341575 | 100 | == | 0.338350 | 490 | == | 0.334354 | 8800 | == | 0.333390 | ||||
31 | == | 0.349636 | 62 | == | 0.341441 | 110 | == | 0.337893 | 500 | == | 0.334334 | 8900 | == | 0.333390 | ||||
32 | == | 0.349121 | 63 | == | 0.341312 | 120 | == | 0.337512 | 510 | == | 0.334314 | 9000 | == | 0.333389 | ||||
33 | == | 0.348638 | 64 | == | 0.341187 | 130 | == | 0.337189 | 520 | == | 0.334295 | 9100 | == | 0.333388 | ||||
34 | == | 0.348183 | 65 | == | 0.341065 | 140 | == | 0.336913 | 530 | == | 0.334277 | 9200 | == | 0.333388 | ||||
35 | == | 0.347755 | 66 | == | 0.340947 | 150 | == | 0.336674 | 540 | == | 0.334260 | 9300 | == | 0.333387 | ||||
36 | == | 0.347351 | 67 | == | 0.340833 | 160 | == | 0.336465 | 550 | == | 0.334243 | 9400 | == | 0.333387 | ||||
37 | == | 0.346969 | 68 | == | 0.340722 | 170 | == | 0.336280 | 560 | == | 0.334227 | 9500 | == | 0.333386 | ||||
38 | == | 0.346607 | 69 | == | 0.340615 | 180 | == | 0.336116 | 570 | == | 0.334211 | 9600 | == | 0.333385 | ||||
39 | == | 0.346263 | 70 | == | 0.340510 | 190 | == | 0.335970 | 580 | == | 0.334196 | 9700 | == | 0.333385 | ||||
40 | == | 0.345938 | 71 | == | 0.340409 | 200 | == | 0.335838 | 590 | == | 0.334181 | 9800 | == | 0.333384 | ||||
72 | == | 0.340310 | 210 | == | 0.335718 | 9900 | == | 0.333384 | ||||||||||
73 | == | 0.340214 | 220 | == | 0.335610 | 10000 | == | 0.333383 | ||||||||||
74 | == | 0.340121 | 230 | == | 0.335510 | |||||||||||||
75 | == | 0.340030 | 240 | == | 0.335420 | |||||||||||||
76 | == | 0.339941 | 250 | == | 0.335336 | |||||||||||||
77 | == | 0.339855 | 260 | == | 0.335259 | |||||||||||||
78 | == | 0.339771 | 270 | == | 0.335187 | |||||||||||||
79 | == | 0.339689 | 280 | == | 0.335121 |